EN18 EN353 EN31 EN47 Steel Round Bar
En 353 steel has carbon content of 0.17% and the most common form
of steel as it’s provides material properties that are acceptable
for many automobile applications such as heavy duty gear, shaft,
pinion, cam shafts, gudgeon pins [1,8]. It is neither externally
brittle nor ductile due to its lower carbon content and lower
hardness. As the carbon content increases, the metal becomes harder
and stronger.
In order to ensure the material of the specimen is done with help
of the optical emission spectroscope (OES). The result is obtain
from the chemical analysis, carbon – 0.171 %, silicon – 0.3 %,
manganese – 0.56 %, phosphorus – 0.012 %, sulphur – 0.13 %,
Chromium – 0.953 %, Nickel – 0.989 %, molybdenum – 0.16 % and
remaining percentage is iron respectively. A sample of Dia 30 × 10
mm is polished using 60 grit papers and two sparks is introduced on
the surface to find the chemical composition of the material. After
ensuring the chemical composition, the raw material is machined
according to the dimension for various tests [3]
Chemical compostion:
C: 0.2max
Mn: 0.5-1.0
Si: 0.35max
Ni:1.0-1.5
Mo:0.08-0.15
Cr:0.75-1.25
S:0.05max
P:0.05max
Mechanical Properties
Heat treatment:
CARBURISING Pack, salt or gas carburize at 910C, holding for
sufficient time to develop the required case depth and carbon
content, Slow cool from carburizing temperature and re-heat to
870C, hold until temperature is uniform throughout the section,
quench as required in water, oil or air cool.
Hardening quenching Tempering Brinell Rockwell Hardness
840-870 oil 150-200 62-64
Heat treatment Procedure for EN353
CARBURISING Pack, salt or gas carburize at 910C, holding for
sufficient time to develop the required case depth and carbon
content, Slow cool from carburizing temperature and re-heat to
870C, hold until temperature is uniform throughout the section,
quench as required in water, oil or air cool.
Hardness
Vickers hardness measurement is done on the specimen as per the IS
1501-2002 procedures by using Vickers hardness tester (MH6).
Hardness measurement is made with 200 g loads, dwell time of 10
seconds and diamond indenter is used for test. The impression is
done on the circular faces at the centre of the specimen. The
hardness values are taken corresponding to the diagonal length of
the indentation. Two samples (i.e. BHT and AHT) and five readings
are taken from the each sample from case to core. The average value
is calculated from five readings. The hardness values of BHT (case
and core) samples are, 193.7 and 201.8 HV respectively. The
hardness values of AHT (case and core) samples are 684.5 and 387.8
HV respectively. It is clearly noticed that the base material (BHT)
has the low hardness. The AHT specimen has high hardness when
compared to the BHT sample .
Analysis
X-Ray Diffractometer is one of the most powerful techniques for
material structural analysis. Bruker AXS D8 Advance X-Ray
diffractometer fit with vertical goniometers, low and high
temperature attachment. The angle range is 360°, the maximum usable
angular is 3° to 135° and wavelength is 1.5406 Å. X-ray diffraction
analysis is carried out under the following condition: Cu
radiation, 40 KV voltage, 35 mA current and maximum angular speed
30°/s. When the x-ray is passed into the substrate and it is
reflected back to the detector the angle made by the reflected ray
to the substrate is denoted as . The value of is increased by
changing the position of specimen by keeping the as reference β, D,
ε, ρ are calculated. The different values are obtained by the
varying value for certain range.
Tempering
Re-heat to 780C – 820C, hold until temperature is uniform
throughout the section, and quench in oil, Temper immediately while
still hand warm. Heat to 150C – 200C as required, Soak for 1 – 2
hours per 25mm of section, and cool in still air.
Surface Polish bars
